![]() ![]() The case of the Palestinian refugees permanently living in Lebanon for decades is a still long-lasting issue for the Lebanese society and is in need of setting a new concept for a successful integration of the Palestinians into the political framework of the country. ![]() Furthermore, due to the still ongoing civil war in Syria and the immediate threat of the so-called Islamic State, the country is facing a wave of more than one million registered Syrian refugees as well as a direct involvement in the conflict by the Islamist militant group and political party Hezbollah. nostalgic conservatives.” The notion of “Europe” became the embodiment of everything that “had gone wrong,” including “the mediocrity of British culture, the ugliness of modern capitalism, and the general lack of national vigor.” In Spain, intellectuals of the right-wing VOX party insisted that Christian civilization faced a looming threat from an “Islamic enemy.” Applebaum shows how such fears have led intellectuals to argue that any means - embracing corrupt, amoral leaders, attacking the judiciary and press, engaging in nepotism and corruption, accepting Russian money - justify the end of avoiding the apocalypse.The political system in Lebanon remained paralyzed in 2015, leaving the presidency vacant since the expiration of the last term in May 2014, while extending the National Assembly’s term twice since 2013. In Britain, Applebaum finds, the European Union “became a kind of fixation for. Similarly, in the United States today, right-wing intellectuals believe that Democrats and liberal elites present an existential threat to American national identity and Christian values. Applebaum notes that in the late 19th century, German art historian Julius Langbehn described the “democratizing” tendency as a cause of the dissipation of German culture. She draws on the work of German American historian Fritz Stern, whose 1961 book, “ The Politics of Cultural Despair: A Study in the Rise of the Germanic Ideology,” argued that concern over Germany’s spiritual and national decay was an underlying force in the rise of Nazism. In the 1990s, that was what being ‘on the right’ meant.” The party lasted all night, Applebaum recalls, “and was infused with the optimism I remember from that time.”īesides personal gain, Applebaum observes that “cultural despair” has pushed some intellectuals into the arms of demagogues. ![]() ![]() Free-market liberals, classical liberals, maybe Thatcher-ites in democracy, in the rule of law, in checks and balances. . . “You could have lumped the majority of us, roughly, in the general category of what Poles call the right - the conservatives, the anti-Communists,” Applebaum writes in her new book, “ Twilight of Democracy: The Seductive Lure of Authoritarianism.” “But at that moment in history, you might also have called most of us liberals. Polish journalists, civil servants and a couple of junior members of the government joined in the festivities. But most of the partygoers were Polish friends and some colleagues of her husband, Radek Sikorski, who at the time was deputy foreign minister in the center-right Polish government. In attendance were international journalists, Warsaw-based diplomats and friends from New York. 31, 1999, Anne Applebaum and her husband threw a New Year’s Eve party in rural Poland. ![]()
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